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La marquise de Brinvilliers (opera)
''La marquise de Brinvilliers'' is an operatic 'drame lyrique' that was written as a collaborative effort on the part of nine composers. It premiered in Paris at the Salle Ventadour of the Opéra-Comique on October 31, 1831.〔''Musical Times'': ("The Material of Music," April 1, 1888, 209 ), accessed May 10, 2010〕
==Composition and performances==
Under the Empire and Restoration, there were a number of collaborations in which composers worked together in a very short time to produce works to celebrate events of importance to the ruling dynasty, such as a marriage, birth, or baptism. Such a composition was usually the work of a few days and might involve as many as 4 composers. The only notable work by many hands before the composition of ''La marquise de Brinvilliers'' was ''Le congrès des rois'', conceived in a revolutionary spirit, the work of 12 composers, and presented at the Opéra-Comique on February 26, 1794.〔''La Nouvelle revue'': ( André Chadourne, "La Collaboration au Théâtre" ), vol. 78, 354.〕〔Wild and Charlton (2005), p. 200.〕
In 1831, the Opéra-Comique was suffering financially and its Salle Ventadour was no longer fashionable. Émile Lubbert,〔John Goldworth Alger, ed., ''Paris in 1789-94: Farewell Letters of Victims of the Guillotine'', vol. 3 (London: George Allen, 1902), 85-6. Lubbert was born in Bordeaux in 1794 and first served as inspector of lotteries. A composer himself, he became director of the Paris Opera in 1827 and inspector of court entertainments in 1828. After the Revolution of 1830, as an innovative way of financing music administration, the government leased the Opéra-Comique to Lubbert. Following his financial failure, he traveled to Egypt, converted to Islam, and served as "a sort of Clerk of the Revels" to rulers there. He died in 1859 in Cairo.〕 the director of company, needed to mount a successful production promptly. He engaged Eugène Scribe and Castil-Blaze to produce a libretto and, with no time to spare, divided the work of composition among nine composers: Daniel Auber, Désiré-Alexandre Batton, Henri Montan Berton, Giuseppe Marco Maria Felice Blangini, François-Adrien Boieldieu, Michele Carafa, Luigi Cherubini, Ferdinand Hérold, and Ferdinando Paer. The libretto was the work of Eugène Scribe and Castil-Blaze.〔 A review in the ''Courrier de l'Europe'' noted the inclusion of a ''gigue'' by Gossec, a composer of an older generation who died in 1829.
The work premiered on October 31, 1831 and had a very modest run of 32 performances, the last on December 9, at which point the theater closed. The theater re-opened in January 1832 under a new director and continued to struggle.〔〔 Before the end of 1831, F. Marcucci composed a "Fantasy for harp on the prettiest motifs from la Marquise de Brinvilliers".〔Mary Lindemann, "Eighteenth-Century True-Crime" in William Layher and Gerhild Scholz Williams, eds., ''Consuming News: Newspapers and Print Culture in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800)'' (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2009), 151n〕 The opera was revived in 1836 and presented for 11 performances.〔Charles Malherbe, ''Auber'' (Paris: Librairie Renouard, 1911), 43〕 No further performances have been documented.
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